Orthogonal Cutting Is a Type of Cuttings in Which the Cutting Tool Is Perpendicular to the Direction of Motion. the Chip Flow in This Cutting Is State-Of-The-Art.

Oblique cutting is a type of cuttings in which the cutting tool is at an oblique angle in the direction of the tool’s motion.

Difference Between Orthogonal and Oblique Cutting

Important Point

Difference Between Orthogonal and Oblique Cutting

Today We Will Discuss the Difference Between Orthogonal and Oblique Cutting. Metal Cutting or Commonly Known as Machining Is the Most Common Phenomenon Used in Manufacturing Industries. Every Product, Big or Small, Undergoes a Machining Process to Get the Final Product.
So the Knowledge of Basic Types of Metal Cutting Is Most Important. If We Talk About Metal Cutting, Two Terms Come to Our Mind Orthogonal and Oblique.
These Both Are the Metal Cutting Machine, Which Is Purely Depending on the Feed Angle and Cutting Direction of the Tool.

There are two types of this orthogonal and oblique cutting.

Orthogonal Cutting.
Oblique Cutting.

#1 Orthogonal Cutting :

Orthogonal Cutting Is a Type of Cuttings in Which the Cutting Tool Is Perpendicular to the Direction of Motion. the Chip Flow in This Cutting Is State-Of-The-Art.
This Type of Cutting Has a Lower Life Cutting Capacity in the Tool.

#2 Oblique Cutting:

Oblique cutting is a type of cuttings in which the cutting tool is at an oblique angle in the direction of the tool’s motion.
The chip flow in this cutting is not cutting edge.
The tool has a longer cutting life than orthogonal cutting.

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In addition, there are other differences which are described below.

Sr.No.	Orthogonal Cutting	Oblique Cutting
1	The cutting angle of the tool makes a right angle to the direction of motion	The cutting angle of the tool does not make the right angle to the direction of motion
2	The flow of the chip is perpendicular to the cutting edge.	The flow of the chip is not perpendicular to the cutting edge.
3	The tool has lesser cuttings life	The tool has a higher cuttings life.
4	The shear forces per unit area is high, which increases the heat per unit area.	The shear force per unit area is low, which decreases heat per unit area.
5	In orthogonal cutting, the surface finish is poor.	In oblique cutting surface finish is good.
6	Cutting edge is longer than the edge of the cut	Cuttings may or may not be longer than the edge of the cut.
7	In orthogonal cuttings, only two components of force are considered cutting force and thrust force, which can be represented by a 2D coordinate system.	In oblique cutting, three components of force are considered, cutting force, thrust force, and radial force, which cannot represent by 2D coordinate. It used a 3D coordinate to represent the forces acting during cutting, so it is known as 3D cutting.
8	Two mutually perpendicular cutting forces act on the workpiece	Three mutually perpendicular forces are involved.

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Orthogonal Machining

Cuttings tool geometry is simplified from the 3-D (oblique) geometry to a 2-D (orthogonal) geometry.

Chip Formation: Simplified Orthogonal Machinings in-plane model of the cutting process Assumptions
Work-piece: a flat plate
Cutting tool: geometry is given by the back rake angles (a) only
Shear: in one singles plane, which is doing f degrees with the direction of speed.

Chip is formed by shearing.
High shear stress over a narrow region
large strain and high strain rate plastic deformation due to radial compression.
The compressions zone travels ahead of the tool.
Elastic to plastic deformations when yield stress is exceeded.

FAQ

Orthogonal Vs Oblique Cutting

Summary: The major difference between orthogonal and oblique cutting is that in orthogonal cutting, the cutting edge of the tool is perpendicular to the direction of motion. In oblique cutting the cutting edge makes an angle with the direction of motion.

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